• How Nature-based solutions can improve climate mitigation and adaptat...
  Ottosson, Mee  : Malmö universitet/Kultur och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:

  Urban areas are facing complex environmental, economic and social challenges as a result of climate change. The interconnected problems, such as water pollution, coastal erosion, social segregation and loss of biodiversity are often treated with conventional solutions – grey infrastructure. Grey infrastructure is designed to solve specific problems without considering any aspect of environmental, economic or social impact nor the aspect of resilience and sustainability. The current situation in the Alpes-Maritimes paints a picture where the region is widely affected by climate change and has resulted in multiple deaths and several billion Euros in damage over the past 25 years. As a preventative measure to climate change the concept of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) has been brought up on the agenda among French practitioners and stakeholders in the Alpes-Maritimes. The thesis aims to answer how NBS can improve climate mitigation and adaptation outcomes in the Alpes-Maritimes. The umbrella term of NBS has been widely discussed to tackle the loss of biodiversity and coastal erosion among others. Why NBS have not yet been implemented and introduced in the Alpes-Maritimes is mainly due to cultural differences and the relation the French have between nature and the human being.

  Mee Ottosson_Slutversion.pdf   (11.77Mb)

• ”Helikopterperspektiv” i arbetet mot allvarliga körskador : en kvalit...
  Schultz, Ricarda  : Malmö universitet/Kultur och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:	Soil damage, so-called serious driving injuries in connection with forestry activities such as forest thinning, finishing and land preparation is a common and well-known problem. Serious driving injuries can have a serious impact on the environment, such as leaching of toxic substances,for examplemercury, into waterways wherethey pose a great risk to human health. Work on driving injuries is regulated by legislation (Sweden’s Environmental Goals, n.d.; SVL 1979:429; FSC & PEFC) but despite the processgoing into the right direction, serious driving injuries have increased in variousparts of the country. In the valley of Lake Mälaren, for example, the proportion of serious driving injuries in connection with stream crossings has increased from 4 to 18 percent during the years 1999-2007. Serious driving injuries are a challenge toforestry in general. The Swedish Church as one of the country’s largest forest owners is actively working to reduce the environmental impact due to serious driving injuries. The Swedish Church’s Forest Certification (Swedish abbreviation SKSC) managesabout 400,000 hectares of productive forest land and aims to reduce the proportion of areas with serious driving damages by 75 percent. An internal study of the work against serious driving injuries showed that there is a need for improvement in communication with contractors. In order to find improvement measures to reduce the proportion of serious driving injuries, two qualitative group interviews were conducted, focusing on working methods in planning, thinning, final harvesting and soil preparation within SKSC. A group interview was conducted with five persons from SKSC planning forestry measures and another interview with three of the contractors hired by SKSC to carry out the measures. The study also relates to challenges that exist in the daily work against serious driving injuries and the communication between the planners from SKSC and the contractors, aiming to prevent serious driving injuries.The theoretical framework was the learning organization primarily from a systems thinking perspective according toPeter M. Senge and secondarily from organizational structure, i. e. SKSC’s structure according toAnders Örtenblad. The survey demonstrated a great awareness among both SKSC’s planners and contractors on how their own efforts will affect later steps in the forestrymeasure process.The planning carried out partly by SKSC staff and partly by contractors in the field was considered the basis for dialogue, contact, self-examination and feedback which proved to be the most important tools for injury prevention. The result showed that SKSC’s structure makes it difficult for the work to reduce the proportion of areas with serious driving injuries. In order to improve working methods, it is proposed to utilize the competence of all persons involved, developing a dialogue between SKSC, the companies and the contractors. This dialogue will serve to identify the goals of SKSC, the companies and the contractors, support new routines and provide feedback. In order to create more efficient participation among contractors, preventinstructions from being misinterpreted and reach them throughout the performing chain, a standardized information platform is proposed, action-adapted instructions in the treaty directive and a clarification of the responsibilities of the contractor.
  Swedish abstract:	Markskador,så kallade allvarliga körskador,i samband med skogsåtgärdersomgallring, slutavverkning och markberedningär ett allmänt och känt problem.Allvarliga körskador kan innebära grav påverkan på miljön, exempelvis urlakning av giftiga ämnen som kvicksilver i vattendragdär de utgör stor risk för människors hälsa. Arbetet motkörskador är reglerat via lagstiftning (Sveriges Miljömål, u.å.; SVL1979:429; FSC, 2019& PEFC, 2019)och trotsatt arbetet går åt rätt håll har allvarliga körskador ökat i olika delar av landet. I Mälardalen exempelvishar andelen allvarliga körskador i anslutning till bäcköverfarter ökat från 4 till 18 procent under åren 1999-2007. Allvarliga körskador är en utmaning för skogsbruket i stort. Svenska kyrkansom en av landets största skogsägarearbetaraktivt med att minskamiljöpåverkan tillföljd avallvarliga körskador. Svenska kyrkans skogscertifiering(SKSC)förvaltar ca 400000 hektar produktiv skogsmark och har som mål att minska andelen trakter med allvarliga körskador med 75 procent. En intern undersökning om arbetet motallvarliga körskador visade på att det finns behov av förbättring i kommunikationen med entreprenörer. För atthitta förbättringsåtgärder för att minska andelen allvarliga körskadorutfördes två kvalitativa gruppintervjuermed fokus på arbetssätt i planering, gallring, slutavverkning och markberedning inom SKSC. Engruppintervju genomfördes med fem personerfrån SKSCsomplanläggerskogsbruksåtgärderoch en med tre av de entreprenörersom anlitas av SKSCför att utföra åtgärderna. Studien relaterar även till utmaningar som finns i det dagliga arbetet motallvarliga körskador och kommunikationen mellan planerarna från SKSCoch entreprenörerna i syfte att förebygga allvarliga körskador. Det teoretiska ramverket var lärande organisationprimärt ur systemtänkandeperspektiv enligt Peter M. Senge och sekundärt ur organisationsstruktur, det vill säga SKSC:s strukturi enlighet med Anders Örtenblad. Undersökningen demonstrerade på en stor medvetenhet hosbåde SKSC:splanerare och anlitade entreprenörer om hur deras egna insatser kommer att påverka senare steg i skogsåtgärdsprocessen. Planeringen som utförs dels av personal hos SKSC och dels av entreprenörer i fält ansågs som fundamentdär dialog, kontakt, självgranskning och feedback visade sig vara de viktigaste verktygen i skadeförebyggande syfte. Resultatet påvisade att SKSC:sstruktur försvårar för arbetet med att minska andelen trakter med allvarliga körskador. I syfte att förbättra arbetssätten föreslås ett tillvaratagandeav kompetensen hosalla delaktiga, utvecklingav dialog mellan SKSC, bolagen och entreprenörerna. Dialogen ska tjänatill att kartläggaSKSC:s, bolagens och entreprenörens mål, att ge stöd vid nya rutiner och lämnafeedback. För att skapa större delaktighet bland entreprenörer, förebygga att instruktioner misstolkas samt att de nårut i hela utförandekedjan föreslås en standardiseradinformationsplattform,åtgärdsanpassade instruktioner i traktdirektivet samt ett förtydligande om vad entreprenören skallansvara för.

  Helikopterpersp ... psats_Ricarda_Schultz..pdf   (1.128Mb)

• Impact and Perception of the Human-Wildlife Conflict; a Spatial Case...
  Bastholm, Isabelle; Fransson, Victoria  : Malmö universitet/Kultur och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:

  This study seeks to find the best strategies to be implemented to decrease the human-wildlife conflict (HWC). Other countries management practises and strategies to manage HWC was reviewed, in order to identify if Skåne county in Sweden could pursue improvements. To be able to tackle HWC, a greater understanding of people's ethical views were investigated and their perceptions of improvements were documented and researched. This study aims to provide quantitative data with web based surveys and spatial mapping of impacts from the HWC in Skåne county. It further aims to map the values that affects society caused by the HWC, and to answer the following questions; What are the optimal strategies in order to decrease HWC in Skåne? Where can cost effective improvements be implemented? This was both answered in the interviews conducted, and the gathered data. Optimal strategies that were detected where Skåne county can improve were; extensive implementations of ecoducts and passages for game, reducing the use of fencing, translocating, compensation actions, increase hunting opportunities and an installment of further game warning systems. Ethical views of different respondents’ towards the HWC were also analyzed. The online survey revealed that there were a difference in respondents views of HWC, based on if they were environmental science students, hunters or the general public. The gathered data and result, stated that the general public and the environmental students/workers were categorized in the ethical views of ecocentrism. The hunters ethical views could not be determined, due to the inconsistency of the answers of the questions. By showing differences and similarities in ethical views and how to manage HWC, strategies and incentives can more easily be adapted, to reach a better community base that can work together to reduce the HWC. Because of the different knowledge of the respondent groups and of their ethical views, there needs to be a broader incentive program that can maintain different interests of people and reduce conflicts, as well as preserve the biological state of ungulates in Skåne. In the online survey, all of the respondents agreed that the stakeholder, most suitable to handle and manage the problematics regarding HWC, is the government/county government. Other stakeholders that were believed suitable for managing HWC in Skåne, were organisations, for-profit companies and lastly, private self-acting individuals. Furthermore, the respondents beliefs on coexistence between humans and wildlife were also studied. The data showed that the general public and the hunters believed that future were to be positive, and the environmental students/workers believe the HWC would still be a problem in the future.

  Bastholm o Fransson.pdf   (2.417Mb)

• Tysklönnen, en del av lösningen? -systematisk litteraturgenomgång av ...
  Mårtensson, Annette  : Malmö universitet/Kultur och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:	According to ArtDatabanken, the sycamore maple is an alien invasive species that pose a threat to the Swedish biological diversity. This study aims to evaluate the positive and negative effects of the sycamore maple in an area like Ystad Sandskog through a systematic literature review. Several studies have been conducted with varying purpose both nationally and internationally which are linked to the species sycamore maple, of which 35 peer review articles constitute the basis of this study. The result of the literature review has been analyzed on the basis of Wandén (1997) goal conflicts and the analysis identifies that there is one technically solvable and three false goal conflicts. The technically solvable goal conflict is the sole independent goal conflict while the three false goal conflicts are directly linked to external factors such as climate change and tree diseases. The study also shows that if the elimination of the Sycamore maple is avoided, the risk of areas being damaged also decreases, which could constitute a positive synergy effect.
  Swedish abstract:	Enligt ArtDatabanken är tysklönnen en främmande invasiv art som hotar den svenska biologiska mångfalden. Denna studie avser att utvärdera de positiva och negativa effekterna som tysklönn kan ha i ett område likt Ystad Sandskog genom en systematisk litteraturgenomgång. Det har genomförts flera olika studier med varierande syfte både nationellt och internationellt kopplade till arten tysklönn, varav 35 peer review artiklar ligger till grunden för denna studie. Resultatet av litteraturgenomgången har analyserats utifrån Wandén (1997) målkonflikter och analysen identifierar att det finns en tekniskt lösbar och tre oäkta målkonflikter. Den tekniskt lösbara målkonflikten är den enda fristående målkonflikten medan de tre oäkta målkonflikterna är direkt kopplade till yttre faktorer så som klimatförändringar och trädsjukdomar. Studien visar även att om eliminering av tysklönnen undviks minskar också risken att områden skadas, något som snarare ligger närmre en positiv synergieffekt.

  annette_martensson.pdf   (1.360Mb)

• Den fula grödans öde - En studie om svinn av grödor i primärproduktio...
  Dahling, Sofia; Lundgren, Kajsa  : Malmö universitet/Kultur och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:	One of the great challenges of man in order to ensure the food needs of the future is not to use more investment and physical efforts to increase food production, but instead to seize the foods that are thrown away and reduce the inefficiencies that prevail. Wastage of food and food leads to increasing depleted natural resources, emissions and economic losses. Wastage occurs today in all parts of the food chain, but mainly in primary production there is a clear lack of data. The purpose of this study is to investigate why the loss in primary production is occurring and the ways to reduce it. In order to identify potential problems and areas of improvement, a qualitative interview study with primary producers in Southern Skåne. For better understanding of the results of the study, the System theory was woven into the analysis work. The results of the study indicate that there are areas in primary production that require improvement.
  Swedish abstract:	En av människans stora utmaningar för att kunna säkerställa framtidens matbehov är inte att använda mer investeringar och fysiska insatser för att öka livsmedelsproduktionen, utan istället att ta vara på den mat som slängs och minska den ineffektivitet som råder. Svinn av mat och livsmedel leder till ett ökande förbrukade naturresurser, utsläpp samt ekonomiska förluster. Svinnet uppstår idag i alla delar av livsmedelskedjan men främst i primärproduktionen finner man en tydlig avsaknad av data. Den här studien syftar till att undersöka varför svinnet i primärproduktionen uppstår samt vilka vägar man kan gå för att minska det. För att identifiera eventuella problem och förbättringsområden, utförs en kvalitativ intervjustudie med primärproducenter i södra Skåne. För ökad förståelse för studiens resultat vävdes Systemteorin in i analysarbetet. Resultatet från intervjustudien pekar på att det finns områden inom primärproduktionen som kräver förbättring.

  Sofia Dahling & ... ren - Kandidatuppsats .pdf   (725.7Kb)

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