• "Ett samtal om dagen" Sjuksköterskans erfarenhet av hur dagliga samta...
  Thuresson, Sheima; Jarl, Hanna  : Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle (2019)	Master thesis (one year)

  

  

  English abstract:	Background: Mental illness is increasing in society, and research points to that a professional relationship between nurse and patient is of importance for the psychiatric care. There is evidence that patients perceive that the conversations are too few in inpatient care. Some units in Sweden work according to "A conversation a day", a model that aims to offer all patients daily conversations to their sense of care participation. Purpose: To explore nurses’ experience of "A conversation a day" and how it influences psychiatric nursing. Method: Nurses (n = 11) in two counties in Sweden, were interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was carried out with a qualitative content analysis. Result: Four themes emerged. 1. The daily conversations contributed to an improved relation with patients. 2. Nurses felt that "A conversation a day" improved their working environment. 3. A personal development due to the systematic conversation model was experienced. 4. Nurses felt it easier to work with the nursing process. Conclusion: The daily conversations had a positive impact on the interviewed nurses’ perceptions of the psychiatric care. The result indicates that there is value of further research and exploration of “A conversation a day” and to implement this new model in more units.
  Swedish abstract:	Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa ökar i samhället och forskning pekar på att samtalet och en professionell relation mellan sjuksköterska och patient är av stor vikt för den psykiatriska omvårdnadens betydelse. Det finns evidens för att patienter upplever att samtalen är för få inom slutenvården. På några enheter i Sverige arbetar man enligt ”Ett samtal om dagen”, en arbetsmodell som syftar till att erbjuda samtliga inneliggande patienter dagliga samtal för att bland annat öka deras känsla av delaktighet i vården. Syfte: Att utforska sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av ”Ett samtal om dagen” och vilka effekter det har för det psykiatriska omvårdnadsarbetet. Metod: Sjuksköterskor (n=11) i två län intervjuades med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Dataanalysen genomfördes med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Fyra teman framträdde. 1. De dagliga samtalen bidrog till en ökad allians med patienterna. 2. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att ”Ett samtal om dagen” förbättrade arbetsmiljön 3. Samtalen gav en personlig utveckling genom det regelbundna samtalet med patienterna. 4. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att det blev lättare att arbeta utifrån omvårdnadsprocessen. Konklusion: De dagliga samtalen inverkade positivt på de intervjuade sjuksköterskornas upplevelser av den psykiatriska omvårdnaden. Resultatet tyder på att det finns ett värde att vidare forska och undersöka ”Ett samtal om dagen” samt att implementera denna nya samtalsmodell på fler enheter.

  UPPSATS KLAR PDF.pdf   (593.8Kb)

• Kvinnors erfarenheter och upplevelser av PMS och PMDS
  Atterholm, Isabelle; Nilsson, Louise  : Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle (2019)	Bachelor thesis

  

  

  English abstract:	Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is something that affects about 20% - 40% of all women. The symptoms occur one till two weeks before menstruation. The most experienced symptoms is swollen breast or stomach, irritation and anxiety. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is more severe than PMS and affect about 1,8% - 5,8%. The symptoms are more severe and may resemble a deep depression. Previous studies have proven that women with PMS or PMDD has lowered health-related quality of life. Aim: The aim was to enlighten women’s experiences of the everyday-life with PMS or PMDD, and bring attention to strategies that can facilitate women’s everyday-lives. Method: A literature study which was based on ten scientific articles with a qualitative approach was conducted. Results: The result highlights the symptoms that women experienced during PMS. The women also felt that society and their health care system did not take PMS and PMDD serious. Their experience was that they did not get the support they wanted and needed. Most of the time they lacked support from their partners. The result also found that women used different coping strategies to manage their symptoms. They took breaks and distanced themselves from their partners and the extra stress they experienced during PMS and PMDD. Conclusion: The women lack support, help and understanding that they need from their partner to manage their PMS and PMDD. Neither do they get help from the health cares system. Society has an incorrect picture of what PMS and PMDD really is. Different coping strategies are used to handle the syndrome, such as taking breaks from everyday life and all the requirements.
  Swedish abstract:	Bakgrund: Premenstruellt syndrom (PMS) är något som drabbar cirka 20% - 40% av alla kvinnor. Symtomen uppkommer en till två veckor innan mens. De vanligaste upplevda symtomen är svullna bröst eller mage, irritation eller ångest. Premenstruellt dysforiskt syndrom (PMDS) som är den mer allvarliga formen än PMS, drabbar omkring 1,8% - 5,8%. Symtomen är mer kraftfulla och kan liknas vid djup depression. Tidigare studier har visat att kvinnor med PMS eller PMDS har sänkt hälsorelaterad livskvalitet. Syftet: Vårt syfte är att belysa kvinnors erfarenheter och upplevelser kring det dagliga livet vid PMS och PMDS, samt att uppmärksamma strategier som underlättar kvinnors vardag. Metod: Metoden var att sammanställa tio stycken vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats till en litteraturstudie. Resultat: Resultatet belyser till exempel de symtom som kvinnor upplever under PMS. Kvinnor upplevelser är även att samhället och sjukvården inte tar PMS och PMDS på allvar. Deras erfarenheter är att de inte får det stöd som de önskar och behöver. Mestadels saknar de stöd från sin partner. Kvinnor använder sig av olika copingstrategier för att hantera sina symtom. Kvinnorna tar pauser och avstånd från sin partner och den extra stress som de upplever under PMS. Konklusion: Kvinnorna saknar stöd, hjälp och förståelse från sin partner som de behöver för att hantera sin PMS och PMDS. Inte heller av sjukvården får de hjälp. Samhället har en felaktig bild av vad PMS och PMDS egentligen är. Olika copingstrategier används för att hantera syndromen, såsom att ta pauser från vardagen och alla krav.

  atterholm_nilsson.pdf   (422.8Kb)

• Nine Years After The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. Evaluating Conseque...
  Lorini, Letizia  : Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle (2019)	Master thesis (two year)

  

  

  English abstract:

  On April 20, 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil platform exploded after a series of issues with the Macondo oil well, around the Louisiana coast, in the Gulf of Mexico, causing the death of 11 workers and wounding 17 others. On April 22, the rig sank into the ocean. Large quantities of oil have then poured into the Gulf waters for almost 3 months, causing the most serious oil spill in history. The event is critically examined in relation to the State-corporate crime integrated theoretical model by Michalowski and Kramer (2006), in particular using the institutional level (the relationship between politics and economics) and the operationality of control catalyst (the presence or absence of social control). The results are presented with a deductive strategy. Furthermore, part of the long-term consequences on the environment will be presented, using a deductive thematic strategy. I believe, in order to comprehend the importance of this study field and the relevance of my work, it is necessary to fully analyze the long-term consequences of the DWH (Deepwater Horizon) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. The analysis is developed within a case study, based on a literature review. Results show that not only the long-term consequences of the oil spill on the environment are devastating on almost all the elements studied, but that the role of the State in the accident was decisive, especially for the work culture which developed during the years, that led to the accident.

  Letizia Lorini.pdf   (331.4Kb)

• Situational Crime Prevention and Terrorism: Target Selection, Weapon ...
  Foot, Samuel  : Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle (2019)	Master thesis (two year)

  

  

  English abstract:

  Situational prevention efforts are a significant component of counter terrorism. Despite this, there is a surprisingly small amount of research from this perspective within the criminological field. This study aims to identify any trends in important situational factors of terrorist attacks, specifically looking at target selection, weapon use and success rates of terrorist attacks carried out in Western Europe and the USA between 2000-2017. Data for this study was gathered from the Global Terrorism Database, an online open-source database containing extensive information on over 180,000 terrorist events around the world from 1970 to 2017. The results show that private citizens and property were the most commonly attacked target overall, while attacks against religious figures and institutions were on a notable upward trend. Explosives were the most commonly used weapon type overall, however they were also the most unsuccessful, and use of explosives was on a downward trend in Western Europe. Incendiaries were the next most commonly used weapon type, however firearms and particularly melee attacks were on the biggest upward trends. Firearms were used in terrorist attacks relatively more in the USA than in Western Europe, and government targets in the USA were the most resilient target to terrorist attacks. While the terrorist threat to private citizens and property is fully recognised by policy makers, the results suggest that novel situational prevention measures are needed to deal with the evolving nature of terrorist attacks against Western Europe and the USA.

  Samuel Foot.pdf   (451.3Kb)

• The battle you know nothing about. A qualitative study on the process...
  Lanica, Lana  : Malmö universitet/Hälsa och samhälle (2019)	Master thesis (two year)

  

  

  English abstract:

  Much research related to incarceration and re-entry has been focused on male models, and thus ignoring the unique circumstances of women offenders. Previous research argues that evident differences are found between the two sexes and these should not be neglected. Furthermore, both previous research and the theory of cognitive transformation has been utilized to analyse the results in a theoretical framework. The aim with this thesis is to explore the difficulties women face when re-entering into society after a criminal lifestyle. Hence, understand how women encounter and tackle these problems. Qualitative semistructured interviews with six former female addicts and offenders and one operations manager were tape-recorded. Transcription data was analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that it was difficult to re-establish a healthy relationship with children. All the women came from dysfunctional families and no support from family members was a challenging aspect in the re-entry process. Substance abuse was also found among all the women, which showed that it competed with both parental and employment responsibilities and finding a job was easier than holding down one. Furthermore, ending contact with antisocial peers was important, however, meeting new people was difficult. Lastly, the results showed that all the women had subjective motivation keeping them on the path of lasting change. This study concludes three ways to improve female re-entry processes, (1) greater aid to women with substance abuse, (2) continued therapeutic assistance post treatment and, (3) positive role-modelled guidance for young women.

  Lanica Lana.pdf   (919.9Kb)

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